What does voluntary turnover refer to?

Voluntary turnover specifically refers to the situation where employees choose to leave the organization on their own accord. This can occur for a variety of reasons, including pursuing a new job opportunity, personal reasons, or dissatisfaction with their current role or company. The emphasis is on the employee's decision to leave rather than being forced out by external factors.

In contrast, options that involve being laid off or transferred do not fit the definition of voluntary turnover, as these situations are typically imposed by the employer. Additionally, while retirement is a voluntary act for the employee, it is a specific reason for leaving that is distinct from the broader concept of voluntary turnover. Thus, the correct answer accurately captures the essence of what voluntary turnover means in the context of organizational behavior.