What term describes individuals who have negative relationships with their leaders, according to LMX theory?

The term that describes individuals who have negative relationships with their leaders, according to Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory, is out-group. In LMX theory, relationships between leaders and followers can be categorized into two distinct groups: in-group and out-group.

Individuals in the in-group typically enjoy higher quality exchanges with their leader, which often results in increased trust, support, and mutual respect. These followers may have more opportunities for advancement and receive more resources from the leader. In contrast, the out-group comprises individuals who experience lower-quality relationships with their leader. They may receive less attention, support, and opportunities, often feeling excluded from important decisions and interactions. This power dynamic can lead to negative feelings and lack of engagement, further solidifying their categorization as out-group members.

Thus, understanding these classifications within LMX theory is crucial for recognizing how leader-follower dynamics can impact organizational behavior and development.